High Power Isolator & Circulator

■ Definitions:

Waveguide:
A waveguide is a structure which guides waves, such as electromagnetic waves or sound waves. There are different types of waveguide for each type of wave.

Waveguides can be constructed to carry waves over a wide portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, but are especially useful in the microwave and optical frequency ranges. Depending on the frequency, they can be constructed from either conductive or dielectric materials. Waveguides are used for transferring both power and communication signals.

Circulator:
A circulator is a passive electronic component with three or more ports in which the ports can be accessed in such a way that when a signal is fed into any port it is transferred to the next port only, the first port being counted as following the last in numeric order. When one port of a three-port circulator is terminated in a matched load, it can be used as an isolator, since a signal can travel in only one direction between the remaining ports.

There are circulators for VHF, UHF, microwave frequencies and for light, the latter being used in optical fiber networks. Circulators fall into two main classes: 4-port waveguide circulators based on Faraday rotation of waves propagating in a magnetized material, and 3-port "turnstile" or "Y-junction" circulators based on cancellation of waves propagating over two different paths near a magnetized material. Waveguide circulators may be of either type, while more compact devices based on striplines are of the 3-port type. Sometimes two or more Y-junctions are combined in a single component to give four or more ports, but these differ in behavior from a true 4-port circulator.

In radar, circulators are used to route outgoing and incoming signals between the antenna, the transmitter and the receiver. In a simple system, this function could be performed by a switch that alternates between connecting the antenna to the transmitter and to the receiver. The use of chirped pulses and a high dynamic range may lead to temporal overlap of the sent and received pulses, however, requiring a circulator for this function.

Radio frequency circulators are composed of magnetized ferrite materials. A permanent magnet produces the magnetic flux through the waveguide. Ferrimagnetic garnet crystal is used in optical circulators.
There have also been investigations into making "active circulators" which use transistors instead of ferrites. However, the power handling capability and linearity and signal to noise ratio of the latter is not as high as those made from ferrites. It seems that transistors are the only (space efficient) solution for low frequencies. Because both sender and receiver of a radar or any communication system consist of transistors (or vacuum tubes), the transistor-based circulator merely means that the sent signal is subtracted from the received signal. Nevertheless, most communication systems are simplex, and duplex systems are composed of two simplex systems by means of frequency division multiplexing or time division multiplexing.

Isolator:

Isolator is an electrical component in which one port of a three port circulator is terminated in a load.

■ Functions
High Power Circulators are widely used in microwave network for duplexing, de-coupling, protection and matching, etc. The typical usages for the Circulators assembled in Radar Antenna Feeder systems are matching, circling, duplexing.

High Power Isolators are mainly used in microwave network for isolation, de-coupling, protection and matching.

■  Specification
Frequency Range: P, L, S, C, X, Ka, K, Ku, mm Bands;
Bandwidth: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 2 Octave, 3Octaves;
Peak Power:1W~1 MW;

Average Power: 1 W~100 kW;
Connector: waveguide, for example: Standard Waveguide, Compression Waveguide; Coaxial types, for example: L36, L29, YX40, N, SMA, etc.

 

High Power waveguide Isolator Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:       8~10.5GHz
Standing Wave:       ≤1.2
Loss:       ≤0.3dB
Isolation:       ≥20 dB
Connector:       BJ84
Average Power:       ≥300W
Cooling: Wind Cooled

8.5~12GHz waveguide Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:        8.5~12GHz
Operating Range:        300MHz, 500MHz
Loss:        ≤0.3dB
Isolation:        ≥20dB
Standing Wave:        ≤1.25
Average Power:        10 W
Connector:        BJ100

High Power waveguide Isolator Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:      19.5~21.2GHz
Standing Wave:      ≤1.2
Loss:      ≤0.3dB
Isolation:      ≥20dB
Average Power:      ≥200W
Connector:       BJ220 waveguide Port

14.5~14.8GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:        14.5~14.8GHz
2、Loss:         ≤0.3dB
3、Isolation:         ≥20dB
4、Standing Wave:         ≤1.25
5、Average Power:         1W
6、Connector:         17×4 compress waveguide

Mid-Power Waveguide Isolator Outline and Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:      22.9~23.7GHz
Standing Wave:      ≤1.15
Loss:      ≤0.3dB
Isolation:      ≥23dB
Average Power:      ≥20W
Connector:      BJ220 waveguide port

2.0~2.15GHzCirculator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:         2.0~2.15GHz
2、Loss:         ≤0.3dB
3、Isolation:         ≥23dB
4、Standing Wave:         ≤1.15
5、Power:         3000W/CW(Cool down automatically)
6、Connector:         YX40

Mid-Power waveguide Circulator outline and Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:        5.3~5.9 GHz
Standing Wave:        ≤1.15
Loss:        ≤ 0.3dB
Isolation:        ≥ 20dB
Forward Power :    ≥ 600 W(CW)
Operating Temperature:        -40~+50℃
Connector port: BJ58 waveguide port(Connectors positions same as FDP58 Standard Flanges)

34~36GHzCirculator outline and Specifications

Main Specifications
1、Operating Frequency:          34~36GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.2dB
3、Isolation:          ≥23dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.20
5、Average Power:          80W(Cool down automatically)
6、Connector:           BJ320

 

2, Wide Frequency Range high power Isolator & Circulator Outline and Specifications

Specifications
1、Operating Frequency:         8~16.5 GHz, 8~18 GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.4 dB, 0.5 dB (TYPE)
3、Isolation:          ≥16 dB, 15 dB (TYPE)
4、Standing Wave:         ≤1.35, 1.5(TYPE)
5、Peak Power:         1KW
6、Average Power:         250W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:         WRD7500

8~16.5GHz, 8~18GHz Circulator Outline Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:       8~16.5 GHz, 8~18 GHz
2、Loss:       ≤0.4 dB, 0.5 dB (TYPE)
3、Isolation:       ≥16 dB, 15 dB (TYPE)
4、Standing Wave:       ≤1.35, 1.5(TYPE)
5、Peak Power:       1KW
6、Average Power:       200W(Cool down automatically)   200W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:       WRD7500

High Power waveguide Isolator(BJ22)

Specification
Operating Frequency:           2.28~2.56GHz
Isolation:           ≥20dB
Standing Wave:           ≤1.3
Insertion Loss:           ≤0.5dB
Forward Peak Power:   ≥6kW(Duty 10％)
Reverse Peak Power:   ≥5kW(Duty 10％)
Reverse Max Peak Power:≥100kW (not more than 100μS)
Cooling:           Wind Cooled
Connector:            L36(input port), L29(output port)

3.0~3.3GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:         3.0~3.3GHz
2、Loss:         ≤0.2dB
3、Isolation:         ≥23dB
4、Standing Wave:         ≤1.15
5、Peak Power:         100KW
6、Average Power:         500W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:         BJ32

High Power Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:          10~10.3 GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.25 dB
3、Isolation:          ≥23 dB
4、Standing Wave :         ≤1.25
5、Average Power:          ≥200 W
6、Pulse Power:          ≥300 kW
7、Operating Temperature:           －55~+85°C
8、Connector:           BJ100

11.75~12.25GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:          11.75~12.25GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.25 dB
3、Isolation:          ≥23dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.15
5、Peak Power:          10KW
6、Average Power:          200W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:          BJ120

12.25~12.75GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:          12.25~12.75GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.25 dB
3、Isolation:          ≥23dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.15
5、Peak Power:          10KW
6、Average Power:          200W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:          BJ120

14.7~15.9GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:          14.7~15.9GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.3 dB
3、Isolation:          ≥23dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.15
5、Peak Power:          100KW
6、Average Power:          150W
7、Operating Temperature:          －55~＋85°C
8、Connector:          BJ140

16.8~17.8GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:          16.8~17.8GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.25 dB
3、Isolation:          ≥23dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.15
5、Peak Power:          15KW
6、Average Power:          150W(Cool down automatically)
7、Operating Temperature:          －55~＋85°C
8、Connector:          BJ140

17.3~20.3GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:          14.7~15.9GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.3 dB
3、Isolation:          ≥20dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.2
5、Peak Power:          10 kW
6、Average Power:          150W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:          BJ180

20~23GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
1、Operating Frequency:          20~23GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.3 dB
3、Isolation:          ≥20dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.2
5、Peak Power:          1500W
6、Average Power:          100W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:          BJ220

23~27GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:          23~27GHz
Loss:          ≤0.3 dB
Isolation:          ≥20dB
Standing Wave:          ≤1.2
Peak Power:          10KW
Average Power:          100W
Connector:          BJ220

28~37GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:          28~37GHz
Loss:          ≤0.3 dB
Isolation:          ≥20dB
Standing Wave:          ≤1.2
Peak Power:          5KW
Average Power:          50W(Cool down automatically)
Connector:          BJ320

28~37GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:          28~37GHz
Loss:          ≤0.5 dB
Isolation:          ≥20dB
Standing Wave:          ≤1.25
Peak Power:          5KW
Average Power:          50W(Cool down automatically)
Connector:          BJ320

34~36GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Specification
Operating Frequency:          34~36GHz
Loss:          ≤0.25dB
Isolation:          ≥23dB
Standing Wave:          ≤1.20
Peak Power:          5KW
Average Power:          80W(Cool down automatically)
Connector:          BJ320

38.5~42.5GHz Isolator outline and Specifications

Main Specifications
1、Operating Frequency:          38.5~42.5GHz
2、Loss:          ≤0.3dB
3、Isolation:          ≥20dB
4、Standing Wave:          ≤1.2
5、Peak Power:          5KW
6、Average Power:          50W(Cool down automatically)
7、Connector:          BJ400

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